How does Ouroboros Consensus Protocol Work?

Ouroboros is Cardano's innovative Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus algorithm designed to achieve decentralization, scalability, and security. It divides time into epochs, each consisting of slots where blocks are produced. Slot leaders are chosen randomly from a pool of stake-holding validators to create and validate blocks. Ouroboros ensures consensus through a process of securely aggregating transactions and reaching agreement on the valid chain.